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Pact for the Future

Overview:

A “Pact for the Future,” a comprehensive agreement intended to transform global governance for the twenty-first century was recently endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) during the meeting of the future.

About Pact for the Future:

This historic statement restates the UN Member States’ dedication to peace, sustainable development and improved global governance.

The Pact’s five broad focus areas include

Sustainable development: It includes a promise to accelerate the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the climate change pledges made in the Paris Agreement. Global harmony and safety: Increase efforts to create and maintain inclusive, just and peaceful societies; deal with the underlying causes of war; and ensure the safety of all people involved in armed conflict. 

Technology, science, and the digital revolution: In all three of the UN’s work pillars science, technology, and innovation have the power to hasten the achievement of the organization’s goals. 

Young people and next generations: Engage youth in national and international decision-making processes by listening to their opinions. 

Changing the global governing system: Forge closer relationships with the business community, local and regional government and civil society.

Rights to Habitat in Odisha Forests Granted to Mankidia Community

The Forest Rights Act 2006 has recognized the Mankidia group in Odisha as the sixth Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) to be awarded habitat rights. Due to their PVTG status the Mankidia’s ability to access and manage their customary forest regions was previously restricted. This significant legal acknowledgment changes that.

Overview of the Mankidia Community

The Mankidia are a semi-nomadic tribe that travels rather than permanently settling in one area in search of resources. They have a reputation for being adept at crafting rope and engaging in customs that involve capturing and consuming primates. The Mankidia have always relied on the resources of the forest for both their cultural practices and means of subsistence. They can now legally claim their ancestral lands proving their ties to these places, thanks to this new recognition.

Importance of Habitat Rights

The habitat rights granted under Section 2(h) of the Forest Rights Act define an area that includes not just the community’s traditional habitat but also some parts of reserved and protected forests. The Mankidia can now freely participate in their customs which include harvesting food and making crafts as earlier prohibitions are lifted by this official acknowledgment.

Legislative Framework

The 2006 Forest Rights Act seeks to right historical wrongs suffered by India’s tribal groups. It offers a framework for acknowledging the rights of Scheduled Tribes and other traditional forest inhabitants to their ancestral lands guaranteeing the continuation of their way of life and cultural customs.

Progress in Odisha

The Paudi Bhuyan community was the first to be recognized earlier in 2024 and the Mankidia are the second PVTG in Odisha to be granted habitat rights. Other PVTGs in the state, including those in the communities of Juang, Saora, Chuktia Bhunjia and Hill Khadia, have also been approved as a result of this process. This progress makes Odisha a leader in implementing habitat rights for tribal communities in India.

Current Status of Other PVTGs

Claims from more PVTGs in Odisha are still being considered even though the Mankidia and other tribes have successfully defended their rights to their habitat. While fewer tribal populations have received habitat rights from other Indian states, Odisha is assisting these marginalized groups in a more progressive manner.

More About the Mankidia Community

The Mankidia people is a small, marginalized tribal population with a distinctive way of life that is primarily found in Odisha. They have historically hunted, fished and participated in other forest-related activities. The Mankidia are a particularly vulnerable tribal group (PVTG) that speak a dialect of the Kui language. Their traditional diet consists mostly of forest resources and land encroachment and deforestation have presented serious problems for them. Their population is declining despite continuous efforts to maintain their culture which emphasizes the critical necessity for sustainable development to safeguard their way of life.

World Free Zones Organisation (World FZO) Congress

The Madinat Jumeirah in Dubai hosted the 10th annual World Free Zones Organization (World FZO) Congress from September 23 to September 25. Leaders and specialists in the fields of global trade, logistics and free zones come together for this significant event.

Thematic Focus of the Congress

The main theme of the congress is “Zones and the Shifting Global Economic Structures – Unlocking New Investment Avenues.” This theme looks at how the world economy is changing and what it implies for free zones which are designated regions intended to promote investment and trade.

Objective of the Congress

Examining new developments, technologies, and trends that have an impact on free zones is the congress’ main objective. It offers a forum for people to exchange concepts and talk about the difficulties the sector faces.

Key Participants

More than 35 well-known speakers, including global decision-makers and industry experts will be featured at the congress. There is a fantastic chance to network and learn from these people who are all interested in free zones and associated areas.

India’s Participation

India is represented in the Congress by a number of Indian businesses and free zones. Through this involvement Indian companies can find new investment opportunities and establish connections with global partners.

India is represented at the congress by Srikanth Badiga the Chairman of the Export Promotion Council for EOUs and SEZs. India’s commitment to addressing international trends that impact free trade zones is demonstrated by his presence.

About the World Free Zones Organisation

Based in Dubai, the World Free Zones Organisation (WFZO) was founded in 2014. To increase commerce and investment, it advocates free zones throughout the world. More than 300 people from various industries and nations are members of the WFZO. Free zones offer advantages including tax breaks advantages with customs and exemptions from certain regulations which can promote innovation and the expansion of businesses. Among free zone operators the WFZO facilitates the exchange of best practices and information. Its annual conference allows industry leaders to discuss current trends and policies, improving global trade connections.

“Ocean-24” Russia and China Massive Naval Exercises

“Ocean-24,” a massive naval drill between China and Russia, has begun in the Sea of Japan. This military collaboration is a clear sign of closer ties between the two nations and could indicate shifts in global power and alliances.

Size of the Naval Drills

The largest exercises in the past 30 years are regarded as “Ocean-24” which take place from September 10 to September 16, 2024. Here are the key details about the forces involved:

400+ warships (including submarines and support vessels).

120+ aircraft such as planes and helicopters.

About 90,000 military personnel.

These operations are not limited to the Sea of Japan but also cover the Pacific, Arctic, Mediterranean, Caspian, and Baltic Seas.

Strengthening the Russia-China Military Alliance

The two nations’ growing military partnership is evidenced by China’s participation in “Ocean-24”. They are proving their abilities to coordinate intricate military operations by cooperating during this sizable drill.

Strategic Objectives of the Exercises

As Russian Defense Minister Andrei Belousov put it the exercises are intended to accomplish the following significant objectives:

• Defending against large-scale attacks at sea.
• Dealing with threats from unmanned (drone) ships and aerial systems.
• Protecting naval bases and important installations.
• Performing amphibious operations, or landings from the sea onto land.
• Safeguarding transport ships and ensuring their safe passage across seas.

Global Implications

China and Russia are demonstrating their combined military might to Western countries through these joint drills. It demonstrates their capacity to collaborate on complex operations across numerous oceans which may have an effect on the future formation of international alliances and security plans.